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Contributing Factors to Children’s Critical Thinking Ability: The Perception of Pre-Service Teachers from A Private University in Malaysia

Wirawani binti Kamarulzaman, Dr. Ismail Sheikh bin Ahmad

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-11-25

Keywords : Children,critical thinking ability,pre-service teachers,qualitative method

Abstract :

The purpose of the study is to explore the perceptions of pre-service teachers on the factors that contribute to critical thinking ability of children. In-depth interviews were done to two pre-service teachers who are currently studying at a private university. Findings show that knowledge and experiences of children dealing with peers and adults contribute the most to the critical thinking ability. Environment and exploration also help children to build the skill

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The Desire to Be With Others: Exploring Social Rejection and Gender

Jame Bryan L. Batara(jblbatara@usc.edu.ph)

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-11-24

Keywords : Rejection, Social Monitoring System (SMS), Need to Belong

Abstract : Social relationships are a big part of human life and threats to such relationships have vast implications. This study tested the contention of social monitoring system (SMS) suggesting that socially rejected individuals experience higher need to belong. A 2 (men/women) by 2 (acceptance/rejection) experimental design was conducted to explore gender’s role in the need to belong after a rejection experience. Participants (N = 68) wrote rejection or acceptance stories and responded to a Need to Belong Scale (Leary, Kelly, Cottrell, & Schreindorfer, 2005, as cited in Leary, Kelly, Cottrell, & Schreindorfer, 2013). Two-Way ANOVA results showed that felt rejection elicited heightened need to belong especially among women (F(3, 64) = 5.78, p = .019, partial eta = .083). This provides evidence in the SMS literature pointing to the role of gender in the need to belong of rejected individuals. Implications and limitations of the study were further discussed.

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Fears in Singaporean children: Identification of and comparison of fear dimensions between Singaporean, Australian, and American children

Robert Tack kwei Ho,Christy Lee-O’Loughlin

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-07-21

Keywords : Fear; Emotion; Cultural influences; Fear intensity

Abstract :

This study was designed to investiagate the normal fears experienced by Singaporean children and to compare these fears with those reported by Australian and American children. A total of 1,234 Singaporean children aged 7 to 12 years filled in the Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised questionnaire. The study's findings revealed that the top common fears reported by Singaporean children relate to fears that concern death and danger. Factor analysis yielded a 10 factor structure that relates primarily to the fears of danger and death, and fears related to negative social consequences. Compared to children in Australia and America, the findings from this study suggest higher fear sensitivity among Singaporean children towards ordinary day-to-day events. The implications of the study's findings for understanding fears in Singaporean children are discussed.

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WORK ENVIRONMENT PROBLEMS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH JOB SATISFACTION

Azahar Che Latiff(azahar@ums.edu.my), Najib Ahmad Marzuki (najib@uum.edu.my),Norlizah Matshah (norlizah@ums.edu.my)

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-12-07

Keywords : Keywords : work environment problems, psychological health problems, job satisfaction, paramedics in public hospital

Abstract : The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between work environment problems and psychological health problems with job satisfaction among Paramedics in a public hospital. Work environment problems can be categorized in two categories namely social-psychological relationship problems and work coping problems. On the other hand, psychological health problems can be categorized in two categories namely health and physical problems, and psychological problems. This study had involved 226 Paramedics from a public hospital as respondents using stratified random sampling based on work locations. Mooney Problem Checklist Adult Form and Job Satisfaction Survey by Specter (1994) were used for these purposes. The results of the study indicated that work environment problems, psychological health problems and jobs satisfaction among Paramedics are mutually related. The finding also proved that work environment problems and psychological health problems suffered by Paramedics employees did influence their level of job satisfaction.

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Effects of Fast-Food Branding on Children’s Taste Preferences

Lai Siew Tim,Zuhrah Beevi (zuhrah_ahmad@imu.edu.my),Reiko Yeap (reiko.yeap@gmail.com)

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-11-24

Keywords : childhood obesity,taste preferences,brand recognition

Abstract :

Health authorities and public communities stated that fast-food marketing is the most recognized potent force for contribution to childhood obesity. Much research has focused on the influence of television commercials on children’s eating behaviours, thus this study explored the effect of fast-food branding on children’s taste preferences. Sixty preschool children between three and six years old (M = 4.6, SD = 1.2) were grouped into Non-obese, Obese and overweight, according to their BMI values based on WHO classification. The study was divided into two stages. The initial stage comprised of a survey distributed to parents collecting information on family’s fast-food consumption habits. The second stage was an experiment designed to determine the effects of food packaging. Participants tasted three pairs of identical foods (burgers, nuggets and carrots) presented in either popular fast-food brand or neutral unbranded packaging before indicating whether the two tasted the same, or if one tasted better. Results reviewed that 63.3% of the participants preferred food presented in popular brand packaging. Furthermore, no differences were found between the groups across three food products [?² (2, n= 60), p>.05]. Findings imply that advocates should use this information to brand more nutritious products that is more appealing to children.

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How useful is the Rehearsal Scale for Children – Chinese in measuring emotional rehearsal in pre-adolescents of different ages?

Fiona C.M. Ling, Alison M. McManus, Rich S.W. Masters, Remco C.J. Polman

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-07-21

Keywords : coping,anxiety,children,confirmatory factor analysis,structural equation modeling

Abstract :

 

The Rehearsal Scale for Children – Chinese (RSC-C) measures the propensity to rehearse emotionally taxing experiences in children, however, the initial development of the scale has overlooked the validity of the scale for pre-adolescents of different ages whose cognitive development may differ considerably. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the internal validity of RSC-C for the different age groups (aged 6-7, 8-9 and 10-12) across an age range of 6 to12 years. Confirmatory factor analysis based on the original factor structure suggested that the internal validity of the RSC-C is poor and the scale was modified for the age groups concerned. Test-retest reliability for the modified scales was stronger for the younger age groups and moderate concurrent validity against the Chinese Trait Anxiety Scale for Children (CTAS-C) was established. No gender differences were found. The results highlight the importance of testing the validity of a psychometric instrument across different age ranges, given the potential for significant developmental differences.  The current study also provided a new set of psychometrically sound RSC-C for the different age groups to promote greater understanding of the role of emotional rehearsal and psychological stress in physical and psychological well-being in young children.

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Coping strategies, perceptions of the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs and intention to relapse among former methamphetamine addicts.

Norlizah Binti Matshah, Murnizam Halik, Patricia Joseph Kimong, Norzihan Ayub, Sharon Kwan Sam Mee, Peter Voo Su Kiong

Volume : Vol. 2, 2014

Publication Date : 2014-11-25

Keywords : Coping, Rehabilitation, Relapse

Abstract : This study aims to explore issues on coping strategies, perceptions of the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs and the process of their intention to relapse among former Methamphetamine addicts. A total of 59 respondents were selected using purposive sampling which made up of former addicts who are undergoing surveillance program in Sandakan and Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. The results found that, several strategies employed by former addicts in their coping style have shown possibility of relapse. The study also found that respondents were quite positive with the activities organised by Malaysia National Anti-Drug Agency (AADK). This indirectly has become a form of treatment and therapy among the former addicts. The conclusion could be explained based on Transtheoretical Model of Change by Prochaska et. al(1992).

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